Posted by Neil Wyatt on 20/03/2020 15:42:27:
I have a ridiculously simple quick-change toolpost design in my head.
At some point I'll make it and astound the engineering world!
Neil 
Show me yours and I'll show you mine!
Seriously I've been mimbling over the rotating centre "stud" concept for many years out of conviction that there ought to be a way to make it a practical home shop build proposition for the inexperienced. Neil was kind enough to publish a letter and concept diagram of how it could be done on a SouthBend / Boxford et al T slotted top-slide in MEW rather more years ago than I want to admit to.
The fundamental issue has always been how to come up with a universal concept that does not require the lathe to be modified. The special Tee nut in the aforementioned concept being possibly acceptable but modifying the topslide on a lathe with the usual screwed in toolpost stud is not.
A month or three ago the penny finally dropped and I realised that if the stud were a hollow tube with the bottom end stoutly closed it could be held down by a socket cap screw inside the tube. Interposing a T shape bush allows the screw to be securely tightened whilst still permitting rotation. Probably sensible to close the top end with a solid stub to keep the dirt out and provide more than the relatively thin tube wall for the tommy bar to act on.
Rotation indexing can be done via a suitably notched or drilled plate sitting below the assembly. I imagine the centre bolt would be tight enough to hold it secure but it should be no great trouble to shape it to seat positively against the side(s) or end of the topslide. If only a couple of rotational positions were acceptable drilling a hole or two to take a pin, as per Dickson posts, might not be considered objectionable. Fitting indexing holes directly in the topslide does make the assembly lower. The hollow castellated nut screwing into the block that does the actual holding down is probably most appropriately made using a pipe thread.
Finding space for a sufficiently solid construction might be an issue on machines much below 3" centre height. However its worth noting that for small machines the disadvantages of the Norman post disappear if height setting is abandoned and the toolblock simply sat down on the topslide. Either directly with a rotation index plate interposed. When all is said and done a Norman is about the easiest system to make. It would be wise to drill and tap the top of the centre post so a clamp down screw and washer could be added to positively hold it down if things look like getting hairy. Interrupted cuts spring to mind.
The fundamental inconvenience of block posts is that HSS tools need shimming to compensate for geometry changes after sharpening. Quick interchange blocks let you do the shimming by measurement on the bench rather than on the machine. If you make a suitable setting jig and have your shims sorted that will be about as easy, and almost as fast, as setting up a conventional QC system on the machine.
Clive