From my days designing the Screwcutting clutch for this lathe I would like to make a few observations.
The central shaft which the tumbler reverse pivots on is ground concentric throughout, ie there is no eccentric portion.
The tumbler gears look as though they are the wrong tooth form. Judging by damage to the teeth on the sides of each gear.
The outside diameter might be correct but if the tooth form is not correct the gears will not engage properly. The Gear on the Lathe Spindle could well be running on the bottom of the Tufnol gears tooth form.
To check these gears are correct. Measure across 4 gear teeth with a vernier callipers then measure across 3 gear teeth. Take the smaller dimension from the larger. The reading should be 0.1476″ which is the base pitch for 20 DP 20 degree Pressure Angle, (PA). (Or pi x Cos PA/DP).
From the photographs they do not look deep enough to me.
From memory when visiting Myford’s at Beeston, the holes in the Headstock were drilled using a drill jig so I doubt these would be wrong.
Regards
Gray.