My OED (the 20-odd volume one that needs a strong shelf to itself) gives both spellings, but says "vise" is now usual only in the US. The earliest quotation it cites is from 1500 as vise, but all the later ones use vice.
The word is perhaps connected with "device", and was (also in the 1500s) used to denote any mechanical contrivance, usually incorporating some sort of screw, .The word, in various spellings, was used in the 1300s to mean both a spiral staircase and a sort of winch to crank up crossbows and catapults.
Well, Bill, you did ask…….
Andy