No, you can set both acceleration and deceleration parameters.  I have actually made the acceleration on my mill motor much too slow so it takes about 5s to reach full speed which is a pain – haven’t got round to changing it though!  But I have set it to stop very quickly.

Braking is not an inherent function of a 3ph motor.  In normal installations the power is just open circuited and the motor will coast to a stop.

A hobby lathe is not slow to stop as there is not much mass compared to a big industrial machine but can be fitted with mechanical or electrical brakes for safety, especially in schools. A 3 phase motor has no more braking effect than a single phase one under normal simple connection.
However some inverters are provided with a brake feature. This normally involves a large resistor to absorb and dissipate the energy but the feature is often omitted entirely from budget inverters or an option not included in cheaper ones.
Since the advertising blurb for some imports is a bit vague on details if this aspect is important to you then it might be best to go to one of the more specialist suppliers advertising in ME&W.

There is DC injection braking and also use of a braking resistor.

My VERY limited experience with inverters suggests that the DC injection braking available is not as abrupt as achieved by a device such as a ‘spin brake’, which can give almost instant stop.  Resistor braking is gentler again.

Others who contribute here probably have much greater knowledge and can give advice on what may be possible/ sensible.

Most, if not all VFDs provide some form of braking. Note that a slow rampdown may acually take longer than just cutting power.. There is inertial energy in the motor and any rotating mass and to brake quickly the VFD has to convert this to heat. For large loads e.g. big chucks this can be too much for the internal devices and an external power resistor is required. As “bus overvoltage” trip is a sign you are exceeding the breaking capacity of the drive.

Robert.

The M300 does not by default have a friction brake. Almost no small lathes have one in the basic specification. That was an optional extra fitted in your case because it was an educational establishment.

The only real issue with two speed 3 phase motors and VFDs is voltage. Most 2 speed motors are designed for 415V phase to phase and standard 240V single phase input VFDs have only 240V phase to phase output. While it is in theory possible to re-wire a two speed 415V motor as a single speed 240V the physical construction of the windings make it difficult.
You can of course buy VFDs with the output voltage higher than the input. These often don’t reach the full 415 V output voltage but work OK. They do tend to cost more.
You can also run a 415V motor off a 240V output VFD (needs to be rated for the full power of the motor). This will reduce the available power at higher speeds but the dual speed function helps with this. You will still get full torque at lower motor speeds.

Robert

My Harrison M300 has a single speed 3-phase motor and is, I think, 4-pole.

Julie

Edit: My M300 has a treadle bar and friction brake. As far as I know it was standard; the parts are listed in the manual in the basic assembly diagrams, not in the optional assemblies.