Machining Cast Iron

Machining Cast Iron

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  • #110631
    Tony Hughes
    Participant
      @tonyhughes88501

      Good Morning

      I am currently in the process of completing a Stuart S50 but am experiencing huge difficulty with the machining of the chest cover; I am about to try machining the third one!

      The problem that I am experiencing is that during the machining process I am getting areas, specifically at the corners, which become shiny. In addition the cover appear to be ‘dished’ with the centre being slightly lower than the perimeter. Subsequently although I can get the casting to the correct thickness I cannot drill the fixing holes in the corners as the metal appear to be exceptionally hard and a normal HSS drill make no impression. I can however drill the central hole in the cover.

      Any advice on how to go about the machining process or tool type would be gratefully appreciated!!

      Have not had any problems with the machining of any of the other CI parts

      Tony

      #6555
      Tony Hughes
      Participant
        @tonyhughes88501

        Machining cast iron steam chest covers

        #110675
        Sub Mandrel
        Participant
          @submandrel

          Hi Tony,

          Despite the good reputation of Stuart castings, I had similar problems with the valve face of my 10V. The effect was the corners stood proud and I rubbed it on wet and dry over a flat surface to knock them back.

          My experience of annealing cast iron parts has not been good. Carbide tipped or carbide insert tools ahould make quick work of turning these items, drilling might be more problematic.

          If you really can't drill them, I'd consider contacting Stuart about replacement as severe chilling is unacceptable. Although some degree of chill is a hazard on small parts, similar size castings from my own patterns have not shown any such issues.

          Neil

          #110677
          Robbo
          Participant
            @robbo

            I have used a "glass drill" to drill hard metals, eg hardened stainless. These are used, obviously, to drill glass and ceramics and have a carbide tip with pointed geometry. Might be worth a try before you send the casting back.

            Last used one to drill the hardened stainless jaws on a digital caliper to use it as a quill scale

            Phil

            #110679
            Jeff Dayman
            Participant
              @jeffdayman43397

              Neil is quite right, chilled castings are not fit for use in models, I also recommend approaching Stuart for replacement of any chilled ones.

              One alternate course of action meantime would be to get a piece of Meehanite or Durabar cast iron bar from your metal supplier of choice and machine a slice to the Stuart cover sizes. You can mill a recess in the centre to simulate the Stuart one, and peen it with an electric engraver to look as-cast. The only difference from the Stuart cover is you won't have a cast S in it. (If you really wanted it, you could make a cut brass S or other initial and epoxy it in the recess.)

              Any Meehanite or Durabar brand cast iron I have used has no hard spots at all and is a joy to machine, as well as being relatively inexpensive compared to model castings.

              Good luck, JD

              #110691
              KWIL
              Participant
                @kwil

                Mehanite and similar is continously cast and cools more slowly and thereby avoids chilled areas.

                Commercial castings are, to put it bluntly done in a hurry, I have seen just cast items still in their sand, kicked to break them open, thereby exposing red and often small parts to the atmosphere. That is when the chill set in! Best left in the sand longer.

                #110701
                Jens Eirik Skogstad 1
                Participant
                  @jenseirikskogstad1

                  Hard to drill or work with tools in cast iron is not normal due cast iron is not right processed during casting. Normally the cast iron is soft as a butter to work with tools. Send the chilled cast iron back and get new cast iron parts from Stuart Models.

                  #110702
                  JasonB
                  Moderator
                    @jasonb

                    If you are on your third cover it sounds like you have already sent two back so unlikely the third will be any better.

                    As the cover is quite small it should not be too difficult to anneal. If you have an open fire or woodburner then put it in there and then leave in the ashes overnight to cool slowly.

                    If you don't have a fire then a BBQ may work or failing that get some firebricks around it and heat with a propane torch until its glowing red and keep the heat there for 20mins or so and then allow to cool slowly.

                    I've saved a few small iron castings that way but if it does not work then do what you can with carbide tooling before rubbing on a sheet of abrasive on a flat surface and possibly resort to a solid carbide drill for the holes.

                    Another option is to get a bit of 1/8" steel or brass plate or cut a slice of a CI bar and just make a cover, mill a rectangular recess to make it look a bit nicer than a flat sheet and paint the recess.

                    #110703
                    Jens Eirik Skogstad 1
                    Participant
                      @jenseirikskogstad1

                      The other alternative: Use brake disc as material for chest cover if you will be in hurry to make steam engine ready to run. It is samme material in brake disc: Cast iron!

                      #110712
                      Ian S C
                      Participant
                        @iansc

                        I second jens Eirik's suggestion, I used cast iron from an old brake disk when I rebuilt the Stuart S6, ie., for the piston rings, and the eccentric for the valve gear. The valve chest cover could be resessed as per the origional one, and an S glued in, after painting, only you will know the difference. Ian S C

                        #111125
                        Tony Hughes
                        Participant
                          @tonyhughes88501

                          Hi Guys

                          Sorry about the delay in replying, a case of work interfering with pleasure!

                          Thanks very much for all the information I did not realize that when cast iron is chilled you can do little with it, I thought I had found a new type of armour plate.

                          I returned the part machined dud castings to Stuarts and they have replaced them so am mentally preparing myself to wage war on them again. This time I am thinking that I will clean up the faces and square up the covers with a file to start with and then drill bolt holes prior to machining both faces of the chest, at least this will give me an indication if I am in with a chance this time.

                          Have you guys got any suggestions which may improve my chances of success!

                          Tony

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