I have one of those!
To be more accurate I have all the parts to make one that looks identical.
I have a collection of about twenty steel straps, bars and plates with a mixture threaded, clearance and slotted holes that are an adjunct to my lathe and milling machine. Used for holding work to the table, lashing up jigs and all manner of tasks.
The parts in your picture may just be how someone left then last time they were used. I cannot see it being a specific piece of equipment.
Ian P