Posted by Boiler Bri on 10/06/2019 17:04:36:
Is there a difference between annealing and normalizing?
this would be for any type of metal
Bri
As I understand it Normalisation is done by heating steel to the point where the grain structure breaks down and reforms with much smaller crystals by by allowing the steel to cool slowly in air. The purpose is to reverse ill-effects due to earlier heat treatments or the production process: these can leave steel with large grains, ie weaker, harder to machine, stressed etc. Normalisation wipes the slate clean, producing steel that's softer and tougher. Once returned to a known state, it can be confidently hardened & tempered again.
Annealing is a slower and more costly version of the same process. By cooling the steel extra slowly in an oven, the crystal structure can be made even finer.
The two processes are similar, and some books I've read confuse the two, usually by saying 'Annealing' is done in air or implying Normalisation is a steel-works process. Maybe the difference is a bit technical for most purposes – Normalisation is just Annealing to a basically acceptable state. I suspect what goes on in home workshops is normalisation rather than true annealing but that's good enough for most purposes.
Dave