It would appear, from the yahoo forum site, that possibly some 2A machines were fitted with 5/16" drawbars. Not totally clear as there is often some doubt as to what the machine may have been originally (I believe some 2Amachines may have the nameplate but converted to a belt driven spindle -probably at a time of gearbox failure).
It appears, at present, that Centec and Centec 2 machines were all originally 5/16" and all 2B machines were 3/8".
As vertical heads were supplied for Centec 2 onwards, the Mkl vertical heads were likely all 5/16". All 2B machines would have been supplied with Mklll vertical heads, so 3/8". Anybody's guess as to the drawbar size(s) on the Mkll heads, but I'm sure Centec would have changed both horizontal and vertical drawbars to 3/8" at the same time. I would have thought that the change was made at the 2A, but whether at the introduction or mid-stream is not yet determined. I believe the 2B gearbox was uprated c/f the 2A. Motor power was increased for the 2B and that may be related to the changeover (both machines being built at the same time for a number of years).
There appears to be no definitive change-over date (from 5/16 to 3/8) at the present time. Boring a shaft to oversize may, or may not, be a good move. The shaft was likely well over-engineered in its day, so easily bored with no detriment. It does not need to be taken out to 3/8", even, if studding is used as a drawbar. The drawbar would need to be separable (or a blank taper fitted or collet could left in situ) should the machine be used in vertical mode if David's perfectly adequate solution is applied.
Most of this is currently a topic on the yahoo forum, of which you are a member. Perhaps Gary Wooding will chip in with some clarification – as he appears to be a very reliable and likely the best informed Centec owner.