Using a separate collet holder in a cuck is a truely miserable experience. Field expedient emergency only. Far better to sort out an adapter.
The Southbend bible "How To Run a Lathe has details of the spindle taper sizes. Details for the are 1 3/8 bore spindle large end is 1.626" diameter, small end 1.375 and length 2".
Some useful information here about making an adapter for a 5C collet :- **LINK** . I paid the SouthBend price for a factory adapter when I got my camlock spindle Heavy 10 in the mid 1980's (or thereabouts) as, being a toolroom version it had all the 5C kit except the adapter. £150 with tax, delivery and import duties back then!
Quoting the most relevant part:-
"The 5-C adapter for it is 2.5" overall length. On the large end the flange is 2.3" dia. and .5" thick. The taper is 1.9" long and measures 1.638 at the large, flange end, and 1.545 at the small end, then about .1 length of 1.498" dia. on the small end that is not part of the ground taper surface. The ID at the small end is 1.252" dia. straight for about .5 deep, then is undercut to the large end where there is the taper that matches the 5-C collet."
Measured values come out at 0.5874 inches per foot. I suspect its really 50 thou per inch, 0.6 inches per foot which is Jarno, a section out of a no 14 would work fine. But where you'd find a no 14 Jarno sleeve today i don't know. (If I wanted one my P&W B has a Jarno in the headstock and a taper turning unit so an easy job. Perhaps I should get round to doing the 5C and ER adapters that have been on the "somewhen" list for over a decade and make a few more lengths of Jarno whilst I'm at it.)
Clive