Christopher,
As John S has explained the gear box provides ratios for screw cutting and for fine feeds to select either swap round the gear cluster as JS says.
When using the fine feed feature the lever on top of the gearbox can be put into one of three positions Right- Centre- Left that will provide the feed rates shown on the name plate and this lever can be moved from one position to another whilst the lathe is running to suit the job in hand. Not however when screw cutting.
Never move the lower knurled ratio selector whilst the lathe is running.
You can stop the gearbox from working by putting the tumbler gears into neutral i.e. centre position.
If you want to use the lead screw by turning the end wheel (half nuts closed) just put the lever on top of the gearbox into one of the two neutral positions (between the 3 normal positions). The gearbox will still operate but will not rotate the lead screw.
It is all a lot more simple than it sounds you will find the gear box to be a very versatile piece of kit once you have understood exactly how it works.
As I said earlier get the book! You can download a PDF gearbox manual from the net just put Myford gearbox manual into Google.
Eric