Hi Paul…
I wrote an article for MEW in November 2015, No 235. The design uses 2 Arduino's which were coupled together so as to provide synchronism in providing pulses for the stepper motors, however it is not necessary to electrically couple them and I am assured that if the Arduino's have proper Xtal signal sources you can use them as they are.
The program could not be simpler for the Ard's … it uses the Blink program and the article describes how to find the correct pulse times, there is also a circuit and explanations, someone with a small knowledge of Arduino programs could easily set it up. I can give you the progs no problems.
There is a Spindle speed program which just runs the Blink sketch continuously and there is a Leadscrew motor program which has an interrupt control to start the Leadscrew motor at a specific point in the spindle rotation.
I have used this lathe many times for making screw threads of various pitches, some quite peculiar for telescope eyepieces and suchlike, but the beauty of the system is that you can adjust the parameters for virtually any pitch you want, the only drawback is that my spindle motor is not as powerful as I would like, you could even vary the pitch within a pitch … there is absolute full control over this.
The system however does not have any feedback and relies on the start pulse to set it running, if there is too much load for the motors there will be problems so light cuts are needed, in the case of a grinder for milling cutters there would be no problem.
Bob.. -.- -.- -.-