Long list of industrial diseases caused by breathing dust but I've never noticed HSS mentioned as a hazard.
The risk of grinding depends on the material (including the wheel), how much exposure, and individual health. Sheffield Knife Grinders used to die young from Grinders' Asthma. "In fork grinding, which was acknowledged to be the worst branch, Dr. G. C. Holland found in 1843 that of 97 men employed, only 30 attained the age of 30 years; and he thus concluded that two thirds of the men died before reaching their thirtieth birthday."
Good news – coroners haven't identified Model Engineering as a cause of premature death and GP's aren't writing worried letters to the Lancet about us. (As far as I know!)
I guess the risk of sharpening HSS is a home workshop is tiny. But it would be sensible for anyone grinding on a large scale to wear a mask, especially if they are already on the wheezy side. Smoking is a risk multiplier, don't suck on a cigarette whilst grinding.
Finding the right mask to filter out a particular nasty isn't easy. Might be fun to collect what comes off a grinding wheel and use a microscope to compare particle sizes with the mesh of the filter. An ordinary DIY store dust mask might be completely ineffective for this purpose.
Dave
Edited By SillyOldDuffer on 28/05/2019 10:23:14