That's a cryptic chart!
I think it means that the 4th wheel for TPI values is usually 48t but that 46t or 52t are needed to produce the TPIs in the last two columns.
So, for example, on line AC, a fourth wheel of 48t gets you 14,16, 21, 22, 24, 36 and 40 tpi, while 46t gives 23tpi and 52t does 26tpi
Hope that makes sense. If not I'm baffled!
Dave