Update: Dave at Beeline Engineering Products in Milton Keynes has offered to look at the broken belt I have just sent him. He also is puzzled by the 4.2mm pitch.
Gordon W: Yes – the belt from motor to jackshaft. The only other belt on the Chester is for the drive from the jackshaft takeoff to the milling head spindle.
Michael Gilligan: Yes I compared the broken belt with the new belt I put on by marrying up the truncated "treads" and they matched OK. If the belt had stretched, the current 4.2mm pitch would have originally been even narrower. With regard tp the pulley: a) the current "new" belt fits perfectly and I measured as best I could the distance between leading edge of one tooth to the leading edge of the next tooth with vernier calipers and it is 4.2mm.
To the rest: thanks for your great inputs: I will look into the C1 option and the others. I'm just hoping that Dave will come up with at least some more information.
If I don't come up with a suitable easy and cheap solution – I will get a new bigger lathe (ooh – goody!)