Hello Piet,
I don't know the specifics with this design, but it is very probably the same as the method used on hardness testers generally.
In those, it is quite simply the effects of leverage of a weight, in this case of 5 kg, acting on a pivoted bar with a ratio of 24:1 from the fulcrum point. The known weight (5kg) is at the long end of the bar and the ratio multiplies its effect at the shorter end by 24 times
Regards Brian