How accurate does the taper need to be? A great deal of the complexity of a full-blown taper attachment is in the adjustment mechanism. If you do not need such fine control of the angle, a much simplified version is reasonably easy to make. It would be more like a copy turning attachment where the pattern is straight-edged.
I would use some of the cheap round rail and bearing/slider that you see on low end CNC machines. Glue it to the back of the bed, set the angle good enough, disconnect the cross-slide feedscrew and have at it. Put on the cut with the compound slide.
Even simpler is just to spring load the cross slide against a straight piece of flat bar set at the correct angle. You might be able to set up the straight bar such that it is clamped to the bed just above the cross slide and let the non-moving part of the compound ride along it.