As you say, 20mm wide seem to be available.
My previous employer conveted a number of Binns & Berry lathes to CNC operation for a drive belt manufacturer – some were "belt builders" that had a carousel of rolls of the ditterent materials that make up the belt behind the lathe & a closed loop tensioner that wound on the cord, effectively using a screwcutting cycle to set the cord pitch. The "belt" was a tube about 2 metres long, built up on a mandrel inside out – the first bits to go on were the tapes that carried the makers name, part number etc, then the backing layer , a layer of raw rubber, then the cord & another raw rubber layer to enpsulate the cord. I can't recall if this rubber composite tube was then slide off the mandrel to go into a mould to produce the tooth form & cure the rubber, or if the whole mandrel with rubber sleeve on went away. These particular belt forms were for stretchable poly vee belts for tumble dryers & plain raw edge vee belts.
After these "raw" belts had been vulcanised, they were mounted on another converted machine on a mandrel. On the cross slide was a short stroke pneumaticaly operated top slide that had Stanley knife blade in a holder (sharp side uppermost). The cross slide was incremented to get the belt width & the knife blade cycled in & out to cut the desired width of belt from the tube. To get vee belts there were two slides set at the vee angle that cycled together.
If your lathe will swing a mandrel sized to have the 20mm wide belt a firm push fit (wood or MDF would do – though be wary of MDF dust when turning the mandrel), you could mount a Stanley knife blade in the tool post & trim the belt to width. As I recall, there was no lubricant used on the machines I worked on.
HTH
Nigel B