I wouldn't say they're loose, I couldn't press them in with my fingers or anything. Would putting the gear shafts in the freezer for hours? a day? do anything without heating the bearings? I really don't want to heat the bearings – I'm sure I'd stuff it up.
The gearbox is cast iron, the pockets the bearings fit into in the bottom are like top hats turned out of steel and glued or pressed into holes in the cast iron. On the top the bearings just push into the cast iron up to a circlip stop.
My guess is when it was manufactured the bottom bearings were pressed into the steel pockets which were then put into the cast iron. There is a lot of goop around to stop leaks.
I didn't think about the shielded bearings until after I'd ordered the new ones. It could be because the manufacturer knew they were not doing a great job clearing the casting sand and filings out so safer to just use shielded bearings to get it through the warranty period.
My particular example is really poor. Burrs on the keyways stopping the gears sliding on the shafts to change speed, a bind in the fine feed mechanism, a tight spot when lowering the quill…
The 'manual' doesn't even have part numbers for spare parts or specifications for the bearings. All of them are just listed as 'bearing'. Seals are the same – they're all 'oil seal'.